The article is devoted to the problems of constructing electromagnetic field with given parameters and both to the study of electromagnetic environment. For solving the problems, the corresponding theoretical material is presented. The functional relationships are considered that make it possible to construct the device for generating electromagnetic field with specified parameters in circular orthogonal polarization basis. The block diagram, which can ensure the specified field forming with acceptable errors are synthesized. Measurement of radiation characteristics, including polarization characteristics, requires the appropriate orientation of the receiving antenna to the direction of wave propagation. Corresponding algorithm and antenna system for this purpose is proposed. The study of the field polarization characteristics formed using the ring antenna elements is carried out. It is shown that in the broad frequency band, the ring elements can be replaced with spiral radiators, as well as that the antenna system for electromagnetic waves reception and their subsequent decomposition in circular polarization orthogonal basis, must contain at least eight antenna elements. Applied spiral flat antenna elements ensure the low level of cross-polarization due to the matched load on the spiral end, which is one of the conditions for successful polarization analysis. Besides, a device for polarization analysis of incident electromagnetic waves and the algorithm for measurement of the effective reflection area are considered.