A Hybrid architecture between terrestrial and satellite networks based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is employed here. In hybrid architecture, the users will be able to avail the services through the terrestrial networks as well as the satellite networks. The users located in urban areas will be served by the existing terrestrial mobile networks and similarly the one located in rural areas will be provided services through the satellite networks.
The technique which is used to achieve this objective is called Pre-FFT adaptive beamforming also called time domain beamforming. When the data is received at the satellite end, the Pre-FFT adaptive beamforming extracts the desired user data from the interferer user by applying the complex weights to the received symbol. The weight for the next symbol is then updated by Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm and then is applied to it. This process is carried out till all the desired user data is extracted.