The problem of cell phone addiction has severely affected college students' physical and mental health. Using VOSviewer, this paper analyzed 101 articles on college students and mobile phones in the CNKI database (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) from 2003 to 2019. The results showed that: in 2014, the relevant research on college students and mobile phones was relatively hot, with a total of 19 articles published and a total of 429 times cited, and then the number of papers began to reduce. The top 10 institutions with the largest number of documents are all universities. In the distribution of journals and disciplinary fields, higher education and vocational education are the main directions. The analysis of keyword co-occurrence, mobile phone addiction, research on ideological and political education, and new media are still relatively popular. The four categories of mobile phone addiction, ideological and political education, new media, and mobile phone culture, are the core of the current research on mobile phone use by college students through the keyword cluster analysis. The results can not only provide a reference for the research direction and hot spot selection of college students and mobile phone related issues, but also help to explore the influencing factors and prevention of mobile phone use on college students' psychological and physical health.