Mind Evolution Algorithm (MEA) imitates the human mind evolution by using similartaxis and dissimilation operations, which overcomes the prematurity and improves searching efficiency. But the generation of the initial population is blind and the addition of naturally washed out temporary subpopulations is random. This paper improved MEA by introducing chaos and difference into it and proposed Chaos Difference Mind Evolution Algorithm (CDMEA), which brought adequate diversity to the initial population and saved the excellent genes in the evolution. Then CDMEA is used in the synthesis of sparse antenna arrays. The excellent results confirmed the effectiveness, flexibility and suitability of CDMEA.