The idea behind the paper is to transform the conventional school bag into a smart bag connected to the Internet of Things and aimed at elementary school pupils. Its concept uses GPS to follow the student's location; whenever it detects dangers like gas and smoke around the student, it sends a signal to the user. By lessening the weight on the student with the use of the load sensor, it can also determine the true weight of a bag. It can also be utilized on school buses in case a student is overlooked by notifying the driver of their presence via an LCD on the vehicle that is connected to the gas sensor. The results obtained have shown that the proposed research work successfully developed a prototype that is able to provide security and safety by delivering messages to the user, determining the actual weight of the bag, and tracking the student's location.

The final stage, which is the building paint or the adopted design, is where most real estate developers and constructors struggle. Where extensive painting is required, which takes a lot of time, effort, and accuracy from the firm doing the work. Additionally, it might be challenging to decide on the precise color grades for the design and calculate the right amount of paint to use for the job. Where these activities are extremely expensive, and the complex implementation is accompanied by worries and skepticism. These are the motivations behind the development of painting machines that blend colors. Artificial intelligence is used in the machine's design to make it efficient and quick at what it does. High accuracy is needed when selecting the proper colors, and this machine is distinguished by its ability to select the proper color tone. The color sensor (TCS34725 RGB) determines the relevance and accuracy of the desired color by comparison with the system database with the assistance of the light sensor (STM32), which measures the degree of illumination of the chosen place. By combining basic colors, this technique saves the customer the hassle of looking at specialized stores for the level of color they require. By giving the system the codes assigned to each color, it may also blend colors. The system also has the feature of controlling the machine remotely via smart phone application by enabling bluetooth and wifi features.

The introduction of automated transportation system and implementation of connected vehicle system has made interoperability even more critical than before in order to ensure effective connectivity , consistency , accuracy and reliable performance.Connected vehicles are employed with in vehicle sensor networks to collect , store , process and communicate with neighbouring vehicles to help drivers making life saving decisions. Connected vehicle systems enable the exchange of communication between a vehicle and world. Some vehicles may only receive communication, other vehicles may only send data and some may receive and send data. Hence it is essential that all systems , devices need to work together in a safe, trusted , efficient manner. Devices/Sensors embedded in vehicles follow different communication protocols as the sensors or devices are manufactured by different vendors. Hence management of coordination between devices is of much importance in Dynamic, Mobile, Heterogeneous environments such as connected vehicles. Hence, there is a need to create seamless interoperability to enable connected vehicles. It is required to enable intelligent transportation system (ITS) system/devices in Vehicles to effectively connect and communicate with other systems/devices. The adaptability of Interoperability when the devices are adhere to dynamics and mobile in nature becomes tedious and cumbersome. Solutions to interoperability is not much explored in literature. Existing interoperability solutions does not guarantee to articulate for high mobile environments such as connected vehicles where vehicles are highly mobile in nature and moving at varying speeds. The paper summarizes connected vehicles issues and challenges, current interoperability solutions, the impact of interoperability in connected vehicle scenario and demonstrates the effect of conversion time delay when exchanging data between source and destination pairs.