To design a load balanced energy efficient network has been a major concern in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) since last many years. The load balancing energy-efficient clustering protocols are developed to attain the energy efficient network. But there was an issue related to the Cluster Head (CH) selection process. As the selected CH has to transmit the data to the sink node whether the node is located at a farther distance and this leads to the extra consumption of the energy by the current CH node. In order to overcome this, the novel approach is developed which is based on the multilayer architecture. The proposed method elects the CH and then a Leader node is elected from the volunteer nodes to gather the data from respective CH and then to transmit it to the base station. The simulation results depict that ILBEECP (Improved Load balanced energy Efficient Clustering protocol) outperforms the LBEECP (Load balanced energy Efficient Clustering protocol) in the terms of the dead node, alive nodes, residual energy, and energy consumption.

A Wireless Sensor Network is a combination of spatially distributed independent nodes deployed in dense environment, communicating wirelessly over limited bandwidth and frequency. Security and Qos is the major concern in wireless sensor network due to its wireless communication nature and constraints like low computation capability, less memory, bounded energy resources, susceptibility to physical capture or damages and the use of insecure wireless communication channels. These constraints make security along with the QoS, a challenge in wireless sensor network. The cryptographic schemes increases the level of security and make it secure against critical attacks but also has a significant impact on the QoS of wireless sensor network. In this paper, the different cryptographic schemes based on asymmetric key and symmetric key cryptography are evaluated. The symmetric key cryptography schemes require less time for processing, less power and also require less storage space as compared to asymmetric key cryptographic schemes, results in less impact on the QoS of wireless sensor network. In this paper, the QoS of wireless sensor network along with cryptographic schemes will be evaluated on the basis of metrics like throughput, jitter, end-to-end delay, total packet received and energy consumption.