The socio-economic evolution of populations has in recent decades a rapid and multiple changes, including dietary habits that have been characterized by the consumption of fresh products out of season and widely available throughout the year. Culture under shelters of fruit, vegetable and flower species developed from the classical to the greenhouse agro - industrial, currently known for its modernity and high level of automation (heating, misting, of conditioning, control, regulation and control, supervisor of computer etc ...). new techniques have emerged, including the use of control devices and regulating climate variables in a greenhouse (temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration etc ...) to the exploitation of artificial intelligence such as neural networks and / or fuzzy logic. Currently the climate computer offers many benefits and solves problems related to the regulation, monitoring and controls. Greenhouse growers remain vigilant and attentive, facing this technological development. they ensure competitiveness and optimize their investments / production cost which continues to grow. The application of artificial intelligence in the industry known for considerable growth, which is not the case in the field of agricultural greenhouses, where enforcement remains timid. it is from this fact, we undertake research work in this area and conduct a simulation based on meteorological data through MATLAB Simulink to finally analyze the thermal behavior - greenhouse microclimate energy.