The density of traffic is increasing on the daily basis in the world. As a result, congestion, accidents and pollution are also increasing. Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), a sub class of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET), is introduced as solutions to manage congestion and accidents on roads. VANET is gaining attention among researchers due to its wide-range applications in the field of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). The paper focus on communication architectures along with its components and access technologies, challenges and security attacks in VANET. Furthermore, it deals with broad categorization various research domains, research methodologies and research models in VANET. At last, paper explores various application area of VANET.

Remarkable growth in the electronics and communication field provides ubiquitous services. It also permits to save huge amount of documents on web. As a result, it is very difficult to search a specific and desired information over the Internet. Classical search engines were unable to investigate the content on web intelligently. The tradition searching results has a lot of immaterial information along with desired one as per user query. To overcome from stated problem many modifications are done in traditional search engines to make them intelligent. These search engines are able to analyze the stored data and reflects only appropriate contents as per users query. Semantic Web is an emerging and efficient approach to handle the searching queries. It gathers appropriate information from web pool based on logical reasoning. It also incorporates rule-based system. Semantic web reasonably scrutinizes webs contents using ontology. The learning process of ontology not only intelligently analyze the contents on web but also improves scrutinizing process of search engine. The paper suggests a new keyword-based semantic retrieval scheme for google search engines. The schemes accelerates the performance of searching process considerably with the help of domain-specific knowledge extraction process along with inference and rules. For this, in ontology the prefix keywords and its sematic association are pre-stored. The proposed framework accelerates the efficiency of content searching of google search engine without any additional burden of end users.

As per the guidelines issued by NBA (National Board of Accreditation) of All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) Outcome Based Education is implemented in engineering colleges of India. The outcome based evaluation model measures the performance of UG and PG programs. The performance is based on calculating attainments of Program Educational Objectives (PEOs) and Program Outcomes (PO).In this paper we will discuss the process for the attainments of POs and PEOs for Post Graduate program approved by AICTE, India. The attainments are calculated by applying direct and indirect tools. The attainments summaries are generated Batch wise and a comparison of different Batches were made. The attained PEOs and POs would help in accomplishing Vision and Mission of the department.

Advancement in wireless technologies allows mobile devices to access Internet from anywhere at any time.

Each network is identified by unique IP address. Mobile IP allows a mobile node to change its network without changing IP address. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has suggested several mobility management protocols such MIPv6, HMIPv6, PMIPv6 etc. for perpetual mobility. MIPv6 is a Host-Based Mobility Management (HBMM) protocol and provides global mobility solution to the mobile node. MIPv6 suffers from basic mobility related problems such as handover latency, packet loss etc. Recently the IETF has suggested Network-Based Mobility Management (NBMM) protocol. The Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) is first NBMM protocol. PMIPv6 significantly decreases the signaling overhead, but still has some issues related to the security, handover latency and packet loss. This paper proposes Secure and an Optimized Authentication Scheme in PMIPv6 (SOAS-PMIPv6) to reduce signaling overhead. The proposed scheme provides higher security than the basic PMIPv6 protocol and moreover reduces the signaling cost with respect to contemporary protocols. This paper performs comprehensive analysis on handover latency, packet delivery cost, packet loss etc. and the performance of protocols is mathematically investigated. Numerical result shows that the proposed scheme has improved performance than the MIPv6 in terms of handover latency and provides optimized security than PMIPv6 based protocols.