In the last two decades, developing Driving Assistance Systems for security has been one of the most active research fields in order to minimize traffic accidents. Vehicle detection is a vital operation in most of these applications. In this paper, we present a high reliable and real-time lighting-invariant lane collision warning system. We implement a novel real-time vehicles detection using Histogram of Oriented Gradient and Support Vector Machine which could be used for collision prediction. Thus, in order to meet the conditions of real-time systems and to reduce the searching region, Otsu’s threshold method play a critical role to extract the Region of Interest using the gradient information firstly. Secondly, we use Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) descriptor to get the features vector, and these features are classified using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to get training base. Finally, we use this base to detect the vehicles in the road. Two sets generated the training data of our system a set of negative images (non-vehicles) a set of positive images (vehicles), and the test is performed on video sequences on the road. The proposed methodology is tested in different conditions. Our experimental results and accuracy evaluation indicates the efficiency of your system proposed for vehicles detection.

In this paper, we present atmospheric effect on 5th Generation (5G) millimeter wave (MMWave) communication system. Atmospheric effects for Delhi (India) based 5G communication system is calculated as per Delhi atmospheric conditions. Atmospheric impairments are major cause of degrading mmWave signal power while mmWave propagation in wireless channel. Due to Atmospheric impairments attenuation takes place and major impairments are like water vapour, oxygen, rain and fog for Delhi (India). 5G mmWave attenuation calculations are performed for the mmWave band frequencies 28 GHz, 37 GHz and 39 GHz. In this paper intelligent adaptive transmitter based on trend of the atmospheric conditions tunes to machine learning (ML) based derivation of channel capacity. The ML based transmitter is a supervised ML device and it has provision of self teaching learning machine based on data. Results are graphed for the mentioned frequencies and also intelligently software defined (SD) Shannon channel capacity calculated for Delhi (India) based 5G mmWave communication system under different atmospheric conditions.

Mobile AD hoc Networks as a special type of wireless networks have received special attention due to having special features such as no need for central management, no need for infrastructure and high mobility capability and can be used in cases where creating an effective communication infrastructure is not cost-effective or is practically impossible, such as conferences, such as battles and communications after natural disasters. Several routing protocols are proposed for these networks. ODMRP protocol is one of the most famous and used protocols in Mobile AD hoc networks. This study was carried out aimed to discuss this routing protocol and then provide a new routing method for this protocol for increasing its efficiency. In the ODMRP protocol, the optimal route is selected based on the shortest route. In wireless communications and getting the nodes away from each other, the received signal levels are weakened and may result in loss of data, and in practice, the shortest path that works based on the number of hops loses its effectiveness. In the proposed protocol, the route is selected based on the received signal strength level. According to the simulation results, the performance of the proposed protocol increases by decreasing control overhead and increasing the packet delivery rate compared to the original protocol.

Wireless Sensor Networks are becoming a worldwide sensational topic with recent advances in wireless communications and digital electronics. It serves as the backbone for controlling real-life applications. It consists of group of sensor nodes that sense the information from an event area and passes it to the base station which reacts according to the environment. There are number of cluster based routing protocols, in which a region is divided into number of clusters and within each cluster, a cluster head is elected based on some parameter. So, a novel selection method for the cluster head having efficiency in energy is based on Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) is proposed in this paper. The performance of our proposed scheme is being analyzed and is compared with the already existing protocols like LEACH, C-LEACH and K-Means in terms of energy efficiency, number of alive nodes, packet drop ratio and energy dissipation etc

Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are without any infrastructure and consists only of equal peers. This paper presents an empirical tests for MANET routing protocols. The testbed based on Linux platform installed in mobile computers. Some parameters are analyzed such as movement speed and the number of hops which impact on routing performance. The testbed consists of several Raspberry Pis (RPis) without the need for any central master device. For making the RPis mobile and independent of any fixed power sockets, each of them is powered by a battery. On the other hand, for the evaluation of the testbed, two routing protocols are chosen. The first protocol is called BABEL, which considered as a distance vector routing algorithm. The other one, the Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) which considered as proactive routing protocol. The use case was a multi-hop download of files with different size. The aim is to evaluate how multiple hops influence the bandwidth and delay. The results show that OLSR performs better regarding the throughput. But Babel has less delay and faster regarding convergence.

World is moving towards the implementation of massive MIMO based communication system and that forces the researchers to design low complexity receiver architecture. MIMO system performance in Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is a popular research topic. And to support Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication in high speed mobility condition, it required to have reliable and secure of com-munication. This paper deals with the performance evaluation of the low complex LLR-MMSE receiver in terms of the channel capacity and bit error rate improvement. In this paper we have considered V2V Spatial Channel Model (SCM) and Nakagami-m chaneel model for the performance evaluation. The performance has been evaluated based on the mathematical calculation and simulated results. And also performance comparison between the conventional linear MIMO receivers with the lattics reduction aided MIMO receivers have been presented.