The development of software products consumes a lot of time and resources. On the other hand, these development costs are lower than maintenance costs, which represent a major concern, specially, for systems designed with recent technologies. Systems modification should be taken rigorously, and change effects must be considered. The need to offer tools allowing on the one hand, to explain the mechanisms of changes at the source code level, and on the other hand, to reduce the effort as well as the cost of maintenance, is affirmed more and more.
We propose in this article an approach based on dependence graph to identify change impact of object-oriented systems. The analysis of change ripple effect is made on the dependence graph representing the considered system. The identification at graph level of maximum range of change ripple effect will enable us to know consequences change at code source of system. This knowledge will enable us to estimate the change cost and to make a compromise between the various suggested changes. Finally, to concretize this study we produced a tool and tested our approach on certain systems.

With the onset of Digital age, digital videos have been highly prevalent in every sphere of our lives and have replaced other sources of entertainment, information sharing & social interaction. With the increasing use of Mobile devices, Internet & its application it has been quite evident that digital videos are generated and distributed with ease. Quite often such videos are used as evidence depending on the kind of information they provide. Since the video has been distributed at a large level it becomes very difficult to identify the generator device of the digital video especially if the case is of objectionable video contents etc. This paper aims at proposing a framework which will embed the generator device information in the video & will make sure the user identification information can't be changed during the distribution process using internet or other networking services (i.e. Bluetooth).

Usability quality attribute is one of the important quality attributes because it is a basic need for end-user stakeholder. Usability provides the ease of use and learnability to end user. Usability is very useful quality attribute of software architecture and architect should remember about usability aspect. Usability aspect means such type of software architecture which provides the learnability, memorability and performance. In this paper we discuss software architecture design based on usability aspect. Usability is necessary for end-users and business stakeholders. We measure and evaluate the usability through one of the mathematical equations. For the selection of usability aspect, or to evaluate the highest usability score in different architecture designs, we have taken the questionnaire from technical persons on the basis of nonfunctional requirements or sub-characteristics of usability quality attributes such as learnability, memorability and performance. Then finally we calculate the usability score.