Preliminary studies conducted in the field of ultrasonic broadcast for bird pest control has identified among others, that ultrasound of specific frequencies and certain audio sounds can serves as effective parameters in weaver bird pest scaring. Of interest is ultrasound frequency of 35 kHz as the put-to-flight and stay-away frequency in bird homes, while 25 kHz holds in farm conditions. These findings set the stage for this work which is aimed at determining the compositions, dimensions and specifications of a stand-alone device capable of electronically generating ultrasound of the required frequencies and incorporating audio sounds of predators to effectively scare weaver birds away from farms while overcoming the challenge of habituation. The design consists of sections as: the solar power supply, tripping, timing, oscillatory, frequency selection, amplification, microcontroller, predator cry, LCD and ultrasonic transducer sections and their respective circuits. The design if implemented and tested, will ensure 360o horizontal ultrasound coverage and a vertical boost to effectively repel weave bird pests from the vicinity of broadcast.

Overhead Transmissions Lines (OTL) are outdoor systems, which can easily be affected by weather fluctuation. In the worst-case scenario, temperature variation, horizontal wind and vertical ice-loading make the value of sag, tension and conductor (cable) length to vary between low to high extremes. The temperature and cable length variations have an effect on the resistance of the OTL. This variation leads to a variable voltage drop, which is mostly considered with load variation. In order to calculate resultant loading, sag, tension, cable length and resistances of an OTL, an uncertainty model based on Standard Affine Arithmetic (SAA) is proposed and the result is compared with the probabilistic Monte Carlo (MC) and Interval Arithmetic (IA) approaches. Based on the test results, the SAA based algorithm gives slightly conservative bound than the IA and MC approaches.

A communication system requires a highly stabilized frequency; LC and RC oscillator are two wide option for frequency generation. Performance of an LC oscillator suffers from leakage, area, noise etc compare RC oscillator. Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is preferred category if RC oscillator to generate high oscillator frequency. VCO contains odd number of delay stage cascaded together; output frequency strongly depends on switching threshold of individual stages. A 3 stage current starved VCO can generate upto 0.6 Ghz; this work is focused around body bias technique to increase frequency without increasing number of delay stage. Oscillation frequency has been controlled by bulk terminal of PMOS and NMOS individually and by means of adaptive body bias network. Cadence spectre based simulation result at CMOS 90nm shows that by reverse biasing of PMOS obtained frequency is 1.2GHz-10.01GHz with tuning range of 95% while biasing of NMOS generate frequency of 500MHz- 12.5GHz with tuning range capability of 96%. This design presents high frequency with wider tuning range and optimum reduced power by which this oscillator design can be used in different band of communication.

In this paper an attempt is made to retrieve the relevant paintings based on the approach of the artist using Generalized Bivariate Laplacian Mixture Model (GBLMM). This article helps in understanding the outline of assorted artists and help as a means to categorize a scrupulous painting based on the style or the text ingrained within the images. To profile the artist style GBLMM is used. The projected model helps to discriminate the strokes of the artists and lend a hand in the classification of paintings. The proposed model is implemented using high resolution Chinese painting images.

The depletion of fossil fuel is driving the world towards the application of renewable energy sources. However, their intermittent nature, in addition to load variation and transmission line sag-tension change due to temperature, is a great deal of problems for reliable power delivery. Without a reliable power delivery, power generation is just a waste of resources. A reliable power delivery can be achieved when the best and the worst case steady state information of a power system network is known to plan and control accordingly. If a system is affected by the presence of uncertainty, a deterministic load flow analysis fails to provide the worst-case load flow result in a single analysis. As a result, a load flow analysis considering the presence of uncertainty is mandatory. On this paper, a novel complex affine arithmetic (AA) based load flow analysis in the presence of generation and load uncertainties is proposed. The proposed approach is tested on an IEEE bus systems and compared with Monte Carlo approach. The proposed approach convergence faster than the Monte Carlo based method and it is slightly conservative.

One of the main goals for designing database is minimize the data redundancy. Literature shows that there is several approach have been used to minimize the data redundancy, such as converting an Entity Relational Diagram (ERD) scheme according to steps of an algorithm for ER-to-relational mapping, and applying the normalization rules. These techniques have improved the database design quality, reduced the data redundancy, and omitted from a large proportion of repetition. However, there are still a big proportion of duplicated values especially for the huge database as some attribute are related to each other and may have the same data, such as the attributes of first_name, middle_name, and family_name. These attributes cannot be called as the multivalued attribute as these values belong to variety of entities or relations. Therefore, we propose a novel normalization forms for relational database design that match the related data attribute. This proposed approach called Matching Related Data Attribute Normal Form (MRDANF). A civil registration database system is used as a case study to validate the proposed approach. The results show that using our proposed approach has the positive impact on database quality and performance as the data redundancy will be reduced.