This study presents the design modification and performance evaluation of an active solar dryer. The Modified Active Solar Dryer (MASD) is equipped with a non-concentrating flat plate thermal collector and drying chamber to dry various agricultural products. The drying chamber contains trays inside it. These are used to completely circulate airflow inside it. The drying Chamber has a cross-section Area of 0.30m × 0.45m and a height of 0.45m. The Flat plate collector has 0.91 m length, 0.45 m width, 0.12 m depth, and 0.049 m^3 volume. This study performed experimental work and evaluated performance by drying the chili in a Simplified Active Solar Dryer and Modified Active Solar dryer from 8 am to5 pm with average solar irradiance of 883.25W⁄m^2 . The temperature has been recorded at six different points. The difference in temperatures between the dryer input and the surrounding air has been observed continuously. Temperatures at the Thermal Collector and Drying Chamber are the main prime mover of solar drying, so our main concern was on these two temperatures. The temperature achieved by SASD in the thermal collector is in the range of 55 ~ 60˚C meanwhile in the MASD temperature range is 65 ~ 70˚C. In SASD chili was dried in five days meanwhile in Modified Active Solar Dryer it took four days. The moisture content of the chili was reduced to 10% and it took 45hour for SASD and 34 hours for MASD. It is concluded that Modified Active Solar Dryer took 34% less time than the Simplified Active Solar Dryer. 

Classroom and laboratory infrastructure, food quality, and the environment cause many health issues to the students at colleges and universities, like back pain, eye issues, shoulder pain, and pain in the spinal cord. These problems affect many students' physical and psychological capacity, and students lose enthusiasm and intelligence. This study was conducted at Mehran University of Engineering and Technology (MUET) to identify the ergonomic problems of students from attending lectures in class, performing different experiments in laboratories and workshops, and food quality at the canteens. This study focuses on ergonomic awareness and following rules and regulations for students and university administration. This research is conducted based on different questionnaires and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method. Through questionnaires, we analyzed students’ physical and mental problems. The survey was conducted at the before mentioned university from a total of 104 random students. Using the RULA method, we take data from different postures of students while performing practical work in computer laboratories, mechanical workshops, and other laboratories. After analysis, it is found that the RULA score is almost 7, which is dangerous for health and further survey shows many health problems through questionnaires. It is suggested that universities should follow the ergonomics rules, make a good environment for classes, laboratories, and workshops also improve the food quality at the canteen to mitigate the health problems in students.

In the world ergonomics is involved everywhere, where is work there is a risk factor. Musculoskeletal disorder (MSDs) is a major risk factor in human life because it affects bones, joints, muscles, and connective tissues of whole human body parts such as the neck, shoulder, arms, wrists, hips, legs, thigh, knee, ankles, etc. so mainly our study focus on musculoskeletal disorders. This study there has used questionnaires in four factors those are socio-demographic, psychological, occupational, and biomechanical. In these factors number of questions were included in the data has been collected. In addition, there was the Nordic section in questions from that we analyzed the pain in different parts of the human body. The study concentrated on the business, education, industry, and healthcare sectors in Hyderabad, Kotri, and Jamshoro. University students and teachers, retail salespeople, manufacturing industry workers, nurses, doctors, nursing assistants, and other health professionals comprised the sample group. The questionnaires were fully completed by 50% of the respondents, resulting in a sample of 116 workers. The majority of the participants were private employees with one to fifteen years of experience in teaching or caring. In this study data has been analyzed through Co-relation between four factors with the Nordic section and ANOVA test through excel and it gives the value of p is also less than 0.05 so we cannot reject the null hypothesis. Over this study it has been analyzed that population is evolving in problems and there should be the proper implementation of ergonomics and safety rules. Test gives the values are not significant and null hypothesis should not reject and it should be improving.