Using Fuzzy Logic to Evaluate Normalization Completeness for an Improved Database Design

Full Text (PDF, 197KB), PP.48-55

Views: 0 Downloads: 0

Author(s)

M. Rizwan Jameel Qureshi 1,* Mahaboob Sharief Shaik 1 Nayyar Iqbal 2

1. Faculty of Computing & Information Technology of King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2. Department of Computer Science of Agricultural University, Faisalabad, Pakistan

* Corresponding author.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5815/ijitcs.2012.02.07

Received: 27 Mar. 2011 / Revised: 3 Aug. 2011 / Accepted: 20 Oct. 2011 / Published: 8 Mar. 2012

Index Terms

Normalization completeness, Conceptual model, Relation, Functional dependency, Total attributes, Completeness attributes, Preventing attributes

Abstract

A new approach, to measure normalization completeness for conceptual model, is introduced using quantitative fuzzy functionality in this paper. We measure the normalization completeness of the conceptual model in two steps. In the first step, different normalization techniques are analyzed up to Boyce Codd Normal Form (BCNF) to find the current normal form of the relation. In the second step, fuzzy membership values are used to scale the normal form between 0 and 1. Case studies to explain schema transformation rules and measurements. Normalization completeness is measured by considering completeness attributes, preventing attributes of the functional dependencies and total number of attributes such as if the functional dependency is non-preventing then the attributes of that functional dependency are completeness attributes. The attributes of functional dependency which prevent to go to the next normal form are called preventing attributes.

Cite This Paper

M. Rizwan Jameel Qureshi, Mahaboob Sharief Shaik, Nayyar Iqbal, "Using Fuzzy Logic to Evaluate Normalization Completeness for an Improved Database Design", International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science(IJITCS), vol.4, no.2, pp.48-55, 2012. DOI:10.5815/ijitcs.2012.02.07

Reference

[1]Elmarsi, R., and Navathe, S. (2004) “Fundamentals of Database Systems”, 4th Ed. Pearson Education, Inc.

[2]Catherine, R, (2002), “Database Systems Principles, Design, and Implementation”, Maxwell Macmillan International Editions.

[3]Hussain, T., Shamail, S., and Awais, M.M., “Eliminating Normalization in Relational Database Design”. In Proceeding of 7th IEEE International Multi-topic conference (INMIC 2003), December 8-9, 2003, Islamabad.

[4]ISO/IEC 9126-1.2(1999): Information Technology –Software product quality – Part 1: Quality Model.

[5]Ann M. and Geert P. “Evaluating quality of conceptual modeling scripts based on user perceptions”, Data & Knowledge Engineering Volume 63, Issue 3, Dcember 2007, Pages 701-724, 25th international conference on conceptual modeling (ER 2006)

[6]Keng, S., Xin, T. “Improving the quality of conceptual modeling using cognitive mapping techniques” science direct, Elsevier (2005),343-365.

[7]Hussain, T., Shamail, S., and Awais, M.M., “A Fuzzy based Approach to Measure Completeness of an Entity-Relationship Model”. In International Workshop on Quality of Information Systems, held in conjunction with 24th International conference on conceptual modeling, as LNCS, Austria, October 24-28, 2005.

[8]Hussain, T., Shamail, S., and Awais, M.M., “Applying Fuzzy Logic to Measuring Completeness of a Conceptual Model”. In Applied Mathematics and Computation, 185(2), 1078-1086, Publisher Elsevier Science, February 2007.

[9]Hussain, T., Shamail, S., and Awais, M.M., “Schema Transformations – A Quality Perspective”. In Proceedings of the International Multi-topic Conference, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, pp 645-649, Lahore, Pakistan, December 24-26, 2004.

[10]Hussain, T., Shamail, S., and Awais, M.M., “On Measuring Structural Complexity of a Conceptual Model”. In Proceeding of the International Conference on Software Engineering, Novosibirsk, Russia, 71-75, June 20-24, 2005.

[11]Hussain, T., Shamail, S., and Awais, M.M., “Improving Quality in Conceptual Modeling”. In the 19th Annual ACM Conference Companion on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications. (OOPSLA), Vancouver, BC, Canada, October 24-28, 2004.

[12]Hussain, T., Awais, M.M, Shamail, S., “Multi-Valued Relationship Attributes in Extended Entity Relationship Model and Their Mapping to Relational Schema”, WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications 1(1), 269-273, 2004.

[13]Hussain, T., Shamail, S., and Awais, M.M., “An Effort-based Approach to Measure Completeness of an Entity-Relationship Model”. In International Workshop on Quality of Information Systems, held in conjunction with 24th International conference on conceptual modeling, as LNCS, Austria, 463-468, 2008.

[14]Thalheim, B., “Entity-Relationship Modeling: Foundation of Database Technology”. Springer Verlag, 2000.

[15]Shirvanian, M.; Lippe, W., “Optimization of the normalization of fuzzy relational databases by using alternative methods of calculation for the Fuzzy Functional Dependency”. Fuzzy Systems, 2008, (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence). IEEE International Conference on 1-6 June 2008, 15–20.

[16]Lovrencic, A.; Cubrilo, M.; Kisasondi, T., “Modelling Functional Dependencies in Databases using Mathematical Logic” Intelligent Engineering Systems, 2007. 11th International Conference on June 29 2007-July 2 2007, 307–312.

[17]Ying Qu; Xiao-Bing Fu, “Rough Set Based Algorithm of Discovering Functional Dependencies for Relation Database”. Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, 2008. 4th International Conference on 12-14 Oct. 2008, 1–4.

[18]Zijing Tan; JianJun Xu; Wei Wang; Baile Shi; “Storing Normalized XML Documents in Normalized Relations” Computer and Information Technology, 2005. The Fifth International Conference on 21-23 Sept. 2005, 123–129.

[19]Pizka, M.; “Code Normal Forms”. Software Engineering Workshop, 2005. 29th Annual IEEE/NASA 7-7 April 2005 Page(s):97 – 108.

[20]Z. Pawlak, Rough set, “Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Data”, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordreht, Netherlands, 1991.

[21]Bahmani, A.H.; Naghibzadeh, M.; Bahmani, B.; "Automatic database normalization and primary key generation” Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2008. CCECE 2008. Canadian Conference on 4-7 May 2008 Page(s):000011 – 000016.

[22]M. Arenas, L. Libkin; "A Normal Form for XML Documents.” In PODS 2002 June 3-6, Page(s):85 – 96.

[23]Y. Wu; "Normalization Design of XML Database Schema for Eliminating Redundant Schemas and Satisfying Lossless Join”, International Conference on Web Intelligence 2004 Page(s):660 – 663.

[24]Tennyson X. Chen, Sean Shuangquan Liu, Martin D. Meyer, Don Gotterbarn “An introduction to functional independency in relational database normalization”, International conference Winston Salem North Carolina USA ACM, March 23-24, 2007 Page(s):221 – 225.

[25]L. Zadeh, Outline of a new approach to the analysis of complex systems and decision processes, IEEE Transactions on systems, Man and Cybernatics, SMC-3 (1973) 28-44.

[26]Zadeh, Information and control (1965) 335-353.

[27]Thomas, C., and Carolyn, B., (2007) “Database Systems A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation, and Management”, 3rd ED, Pearson Education, Inc.