Modified LEACH-DT Algorithm with Hierarchical Extension for Wireless Sensor Networks

Full Text (PDF, 539KB), PP.32-40

Views: 0 Downloads: 0

Author(s)

Vrinda Gupta 1,* Rajoo Pandey 1

1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India

* Corresponding author.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5815/ijcnis.2016.02.04

Received: 16 May 2015 / Revised: 5 Sep. 2015 / Accepted: 15 Oct. 2015 / Published: 8 Feb. 2016

Index Terms

Energy consumption, Hierarchical architecture, LEACH-DT protocol, Network lifetime, Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

The selection of cluster heads is of immense importance in the cluster based protocols which are widely used in wireless sensor networks. However, for the random selection of cluster heads when the distance of cluster heads is also taken into account such as in LEACH-DT algorithm, the lifetime of the network is improved. In this paper, a new algorithm for selection of cluster heads is proposed where the residual energy of the cluster heads is also considered along with the distance to the base station. The proposed approach ensures better energy balance of the network nodes. The performance of the proposed algorithm is measured at various stages of network lifetime and a significant improvement over LEACH-DT has been observed. Also, a two-level heterogeneous hierarchical architecture of the proposed algorithm is investigated which further enhances the performance of the proposed algorithm.

Cite This Paper

Vrinda Gupta, Rajoo Pandey, "Modified LEACH-DT Algorithm with Hierarchical Extension for Wireless Sensor Networks", International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security(IJCNIS), Vol.8, No.2, pp.32-40, 2016. DOI:10.5815/ijcnis.2016.02.04

Reference

[1]I F Akylidiz, W Su, Y Sankarasubramaniam, E Cayirci. Wireless sensor networks: a survey. Computer Networks 2002; 38 (4): 393-422, DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1286(01)00302-4.
[2]E Lule, T E Bulega. A scalable wireless sensor network (WSN) based architecture for fire disaster monitoring in the developing world. International Journal Computer Network and Information Security, 2015; 7 (2):40-49.
[3]W.B Heinzelman. Application-specific protocol architectures for wireless networks. 2000; Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.
[4]O Younis, M Krunz, S Ramasubramaniam. Node clustering in wireless sensor networks: Recent developments and deployment challenges. IEEE Network 2006; 20(3), 20-25, DOI: 10.1109/MNET.2006.1637928.
[5]W Heinzelman, A Chandrakasan, H Balakrishnan. Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks. Proceedings of Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2000; 1-10, 10.1109/HICSS.2000.926982.
[6]W Heinzelman, a Chandrakasan, H Balakrishnan. Application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2002; 1(4): 660-670, DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2002.804190.
[7]M Tong, M Tang. LEACH-B: An improved LEACH protocol for wireless sensor network. Proceedings of International Conference on Wireless Communications Networking and Mobile Computing 2010; 1-4, DOI: 10.1109/WICOM.2010.5601113.
[8]W Xinhua, W Sheng. Performance comparison of LEACH and LEACH-C protocols by NS-2. Proceedings of International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Applications to Business Engineering and Science 2010; 254-258, DOI: 10.1109/DCABES.2010.58.
[9]S Fengjun. A Distributed Clustering Algorithm for wireless sensor networks. Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2008; 13(4), 385-390, DOI: 10.1007/s11859-008-0401-0.
[10]J Hong, J Kook, S Lee, D Kwon, S Yi. T-LEACH: The method of threshold-based cluster head replacement for wireless sensor networks. Information Systems Frontiers 2009; 11(5), 513-521, DOI: 10.1007/s10796-008-9121-4.
[11]X Guo, L Chen. A variable round mechanism for routing protocols based on LEACH. Proceedings of International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing 2008; 1-4, DOI: 10.1109/Wicom.2008.907.
[12]RK Tripathi, YN Singh, NK. Verma. N-LEACH, a balanced cost Cluster-Heads Selection Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network. Proceedings of IEEE National Conference on Communications 2012; 1-5.
[13]A Azim, M.M Islam. Hybrid LEACH: A relay node based Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy. Proceedings of IEEE Malaysia International Conference on Communications 2009; 911-916, DOI: 10.1109/MICC.2009.5431462.
[14]LQ Guo, Y Xie, CH Yang, ZW Jing. Improvement on LEACH by combining adaptive cluster head election and two hop transmission. Proceedings of International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernitics, 2010; 1678-1683, DOI: 10.1109/ICML.2010.5580988.
[15]MB Yassein, A Al-zou’bi, Y Khamayseh, W Mardini. Improvement on LEACH Protocol of Wireless Sensor Network (VLEACH). Proceedings of International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications 2009; 3, 132-136, 10.1109/SENSORCOMM.2007.4394931.
[16]M.H Awaad, WA Jebbar. Extending the WSN lifetime by dividing the network area into specific zones. International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security 2015; 7 (2):33-39.
[17]M Azharuddin, P Jana. A distributed algorithm for energy efficient and fault tolerant routing in wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, vol. 21, no.1, 2015, 251-267, DOI: 10.1007/s11276-014-0782-2.
[18]MJ Handy, M Haase, D Timmerman. Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy with deterministic cluster head selection. Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Mobile and wireless Communication Networks 2002; 368-372, DOI: 10.1109/MWCN.2002.1045790.
[19]G Gupta, M Younis. Load-balanced clustering of wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference 2003; 3: 1848-1852, DOI: 10.1109/ICC.2003.1203919.
[20]O Younis, S Fahmy. HEED: A hybrid energy-efficient distributed clustering approach for Ad Hoc sensor networks. Trans. on Mobile Computing 2004; 3(4): 366-379, DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2004.41.
[21]M Ye, C Li, G Chen, J Wu. EECS: An energy-efficient cluster scheme in wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of IEEE International workshop on Strategies for Energy efficiency in Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks, Phoenix, Arizona, USA 2005; 535-540, 10.1109/PCCC.2005.1460630.
[22]Y Wang, B Ramamurthy. Layered Clustering Communication Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks 2007; 844-849, DOI: 10.1109/ICCCN.2007.4317923.
[23]D Kumar, TC Aseri, RB Patel. EEHC: Energy Efficient heterogeneous clustered scheme for wireless sensor networks. Computer Communications 2009; 32(4): 662-667, DOI:10.1016/j.comcom.2008.11.025.
[24]Di Xin. A Novel Coverage-preserving Clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks, Physics Procedia 2012; 33: 1054-1059, DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.05.173.
[25]P Kuila, PK Jana. Energy-Efficient Load-Balanced Clustering Algorithm for wireless sensor network. Proceedings of ICCS, Procedia Technology 2012; 6: 771-777, DOI: 10.1016/j.protcy.2012.10.093.
[26]Z Xu, Y Yin, J Wang. A density based energy efficient clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of International Journal of Future Generation Communication and Networking 2013; 6: 75-85
[27]NH Mak, WKG Seah. How long is the lifetime of a wireless sensor network? Proceedings of International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications 2009; 763-770, DOI: 10.1109/AINA.2009.138.
[28]N Amini, M Fazeli, SG Miremadi, MT Manzuri. Distance-based segmentation: an energy-efficient clustering hierarchy for wireless micro-sensor networks. Proceedings of Annual Conference on Communication Networks and Services Research 2007; 18-25, DOI: 10.1109/CNSR.2007.27.
[29]S Kang, T Nguyen. Distance based thresholds for cluster head selection in wireless sensor networks. IEEE Communications Letters 2012; 16: 1396-1399, DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2012.073112.120450.
[30]V Gupta, R Pandey. Research on energy balance in hierarchical clustering protocol architecture for WSN. Proceedings of International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Grid Computing 2014; 115-119. DOI: 10.1109/PDGC.2014.7030726.
[31]http.//www.ece.rochester.edu/~wheinzel/research.html#code.